{
  "id": "hate-crimes",
  "category": "Health and safety",
  "title": "Police-reported hate crimes, Greater Victoria",
  "geography": "Victoria census metropolitan area (police-reporting boundaries)",
  "scope": "region",
  "levels": [
    "Police services (municipal and RCMP)",
    "Federal criminal law"
  ],
  "plain_question": "How many crimes motivated by hate were reported to police, for the size of the population?",
  "value": 23.8,
  "display_value": "23.8",
  "unit": "per 100,000 people, 2025",
  "period": "Calendar year 2025",
  "period_start": "2025-01-01",
  "period_end": "2025-12-31",
  "comparison": {
    "previous_period": "Calendar year 2024",
    "previous_value": 18.8,
    "change_percent": 26.6
  },
  "trend": "context",
  "direction_good": "down",
  "right_direction": "Shown for context, without a better or worse label: counts rise when more people report hate crimes and when police classify more incidents as hate-motivated, not only when more hate crimes happen.",
  "trend_basis": "106 incidents in 2025 (23.8 per 100,000) against 83 in 2024 (18.8). B.C.: 15.5. Canada: 11.4.",
  "since_text": "106 incidents in 2025, 83 in 2024. B.C. 15.5, Canada 11.4 per 100,000.",
  "compare_text": "B.C. 15.5, Canada 11.4",
  "caveats": [
    "Counts are incidents that police reported to Statistics Canada as motivated by hatred of a group (for example, race, religion, sexual orientation or gender). Most hate crimes are not reported to police.",
    "Small numbers: a few incidents more or less move the rate a lot.",
    "Rates are per 100,000 people in the Victoria metropolitan area, as Statistics Canada publishes them."
  ],
  "charts": [
    {
      "title": "Police-reported hate crimes per 100,000 people",
      "fmt": "dec1",
      "unit": "per 100,000",
      "lines": [
        {
          "name": "Greater Victoria",
          "area": "cma-police",
          "series": [
            {
              "period": "2014",
              "value": 4.6
            },
            {
              "period": "2015",
              "value": 1.9
            },
            {
              "period": "2016",
              "value": 4.4
            },
            {
              "period": "2017",
              "value": 2.6
            },
            {
              "period": "2018",
              "value": 6.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2019",
              "value": 4.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2020",
              "value": 8.5
            },
            {
              "period": "2021",
              "value": 10.4
            },
            {
              "period": "2022",
              "value": 9.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2023",
              "value": 12.5
            },
            {
              "period": "2024",
              "value": 18.8
            },
            {
              "period": "2025",
              "value": 23.8
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "British Columbia",
          "area": "bc",
          "series": [
            {
              "period": "2014",
              "value": 3.6
            },
            {
              "period": "2015",
              "value": 3.4
            },
            {
              "period": "2016",
              "value": 4.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2017",
              "value": 5.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2018",
              "value": 5.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2019",
              "value": 6.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2020",
              "value": 10.1
            },
            {
              "period": "2021",
              "value": 11.7
            },
            {
              "period": "2022",
              "value": 10.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2023",
              "value": 12.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2024",
              "value": 12.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2025",
              "value": 15.5
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "name": "Canada",
          "area": "canada",
          "series": [
            {
              "period": "2014",
              "value": 3.7
            },
            {
              "period": "2015",
              "value": 3.8
            },
            {
              "period": "2016",
              "value": 3.9
            },
            {
              "period": "2017",
              "value": 5.7
            },
            {
              "period": "2018",
              "value": 4.9
            },
            {
              "period": "2019",
              "value": 5.2
            },
            {
              "period": "2020",
              "value": 7.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2021",
              "value": 8.8
            },
            {
              "period": "2022",
              "value": 9.3
            },
            {
              "period": "2023",
              "value": 12.1
            },
            {
              "period": "2024",
              "value": 11.8
            },
            {
              "period": "2025",
              "value": 11.4
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Police-reported hate crime incidents, Greater Victoria",
      "fmt": "int",
      "unit": "incidents",
      "lines": [
        {
          "name": "Incidents",
          "area": "cma-police",
          "series": [
            {
              "period": "2014",
              "value": 17.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2015",
              "value": 7.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2016",
              "value": 17.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2017",
              "value": 10.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2018",
              "value": 25.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2019",
              "value": 17.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2020",
              "value": 35.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2021",
              "value": 43.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2022",
              "value": 39.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2023",
              "value": 54.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2024",
              "value": 83.0
            },
            {
              "period": "2025",
              "value": 106.0
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "series": [
    {
      "period": "2014",
      "value": 4.6
    },
    {
      "period": "2015",
      "value": 1.9
    },
    {
      "period": "2016",
      "value": 4.4
    },
    {
      "period": "2017",
      "value": 2.6
    },
    {
      "period": "2018",
      "value": 6.3
    },
    {
      "period": "2019",
      "value": 4.2
    },
    {
      "period": "2020",
      "value": 8.5
    },
    {
      "period": "2021",
      "value": 10.4
    },
    {
      "period": "2022",
      "value": 9.3
    },
    {
      "period": "2023",
      "value": 12.5
    },
    {
      "period": "2024",
      "value": 18.8
    },
    {
      "period": "2025",
      "value": 23.8
    }
  ],
  "refresh_frequency": "Annually (July)",
  "data_published": "2026-07-22",
  "source": {
    "name": "Statistics Canada, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey, police-reported hate crime, table 35-10-0191-01",
    "url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510019101",
    "dataset_url": "https://open.canada.ca/data/en/dataset/e667a01f-bc7e-4678-ae9f-62fbe8c5ac2c",
    "table_url": "https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=3510019101",
    "table": "35-10-0191-01",
    "publisher_page": "https://www.statcan.gc.ca/en/subjects-start/crime_and_justice",
    "locator": "Table 35-10-0191-01: Victoria, British Columbia [59935]; Rate per 100,000 population; 2025",
    "reads": "2025: 106 incidents, 23.8 per 100,000"
  },
  "licence": {
    "name": "Open Government Licence - Canada",
    "url": "https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada"
  },
  "attribution": "Adapted from Statistics Canada, table 35-10-0191-01. This does not constitute an endorsement by Statistics Canada of this product.",
  "retrieved_at": "2026-11-13T05:22:23Z",
  "licence_type": "open",
  "source_tier": 1,
  "measure_kind": "outcome",
  "better_measure": null,
  "status_rule": {
    "rule": "One rule for every measure: a change smaller than 5% of the earlier value, or smaller than the agency's own margin of error, is “About the same”; no change is calculated across a marked break in a series; homelessness estimates, prices, staffing and comparison pages are shown for context without a label.",
    "reason": "Counts rise when more people report hate crimes and when police classify more incidents as hate-motivated, not only when more happen.",
    "threshold_percent": 5.0
  },
  "changes": {
    "year": {
      "period": "Calendar year 2024",
      "value": 18.8,
      "text": "vs 2024: +26.6%"
    },
    "five_year": {
      "period": "2019",
      "years": 6,
      "value": 4.2,
      "comparable": true,
      "text": "vs 2019: +467%"
    }
  },
  "direction": {
    "type": "context",
    "rule": "Outcome measures read Better, Worse or About the same; published government targets read Ahead of, On or Behind target; value-judgement measures read Rising, Falling or Steady in a neutral colour. A change smaller than the agency's own margin of error, or otherwise smaller than 5% of the earlier value, is About the same (or Steady). No change is calculated across a marked break in a series.",
    "key": "rising",
    "label": "Rising",
    "arrow": "▲",
    "rel": 26.6,
    "delta": null,
    "vs": "Calendar year 2024",
    "cur": "Calendar year 2025",
    "why": "Counts rise when more people report hate crimes and when police classify more incidents as hate-motivated, not only when more happen. The change is 26.6% of the earlier value, at or above the 5% threshold.",
    "change": "27%",
    "one_year": "+26.6%",
    "five": {
      "period": "2019",
      "comparable": true,
      "rel": 466.6666666666667,
      "years": 6,
      "base_2019": true,
      "replaced": "2020",
      "text": "+467%"
    },
    "five_replaced": {
      "period": "2020",
      "text": "+180.0%"
    }
  },
  "benchmark": {
    "rung": 4,
    "rung_name": "Context measure: no target expected",
    "as_of": "2026-11-12",
    "items": [
      {
        "kind": "context",
        "label": "Context measure: no target expected",
        "area": null,
        "source": null,
        "documents_checked": null,
        "text": "Context measure: no target expected. A count of crimes reported to police. Reporting changes the count, so no target is expected."
      },
      {
        "kind": "compare",
        "label": "Comparison, not a goal",
        "area": null,
        "source": null,
        "documents_checked": null,
        "text": "The British Columbia and Canada lines are shown for comparison. They are not a goal."
      }
    ],
    "drawn": [],
    "rule": "Highest rung found is shown; the site never sets a target. Methods, Targets."
  },
  "no_target_expected": "A count of crimes reported to police. Reporting changes the count, so no target is expected.",
  "benchmarks": [
    {
      "rung": 4,
      "kind": "comparison",
      "label": "The British Columbia and Canada lines are shown for comparison. They are not a goal.",
      "fit": "full",
      "drawn": true,
      "area": null,
      "applies_here": false,
      "same_measure": true
    }
  ],
  "highest_rung": 4,
  "decided_by": [
    {
      "body": "CAN",
      "name": "Government of Canada and Parliament",
      "decides": "Makes criminal law, including the rules on release before trial (bail) and sentencing.",
      "laws": [
        {
          "key": "crim",
          "label": "Criminal Code (Part XVI, release before trial; Part XXIII, sentencing)",
          "url": "https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/C-46/"
        }
      ],
      "last": null,
      "next": null
    },
    {
      "body": "BC",
      "name": "Province of B.C.",
      "decides": "Approves and conducts prosecutions, and sets standards for policing.",
      "laws": [
        {
          "key": "cca2",
          "label": "Crown Counsel Act, s. 2",
          "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96087_01#section2"
        },
        {
          "key": "pa40",
          "label": "Police Act, s. 40",
          "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96367_01#section40"
        }
      ],
      "last": null,
      "next": null
    },
    {
      "body": "MUN",
      "name": "Municipal councils of Greater Victoria (13)",
      "decides": "Municipalities of more than 5,000 people must provide policing: their own police department or an RCMP agreement.",
      "laws": [
        {
          "key": "pa3",
          "label": "Police Act, s. 3",
          "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96367_01#section3"
        }
      ],
      "last": null,
      "next": null
    },
    {
      "body": "POL",
      "name": "Municipal police boards",
      "decides": "Police boards run their municipal police departments and prepare their budgets.",
      "laws": [
        {
          "key": "pa26",
          "label": "Police Act, s. 26",
          "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96367_01#section26"
        },
        {
          "key": "pa27",
          "label": "Police Act, s. 27",
          "url": "https://www.bclaws.gov.bc.ca/civix/document/id/complete/statreg/96367_01#section27"
        }
      ],
      "last": null,
      "next": null
    }
  ],
  "main_decision_maker": "Government of Canada and Parliament",
  "label_1y": {
    "key": "rising",
    "label": "Rising"
  },
  "label_long": {
    "key": "rising",
    "label": "Rising",
    "years": 6,
    "change": "+467%"
  },
  "target_line": {
    "form": 7,
    "text": "No target expected · B.C. 15.5",
    "target": null,
    "gap": null,
    "comparison": "B.C. 15.5",
    "applies_here": false,
    "note": "A count of crimes reported to police. Reporting changes the count, so no target is expected."
  }
}